THE EFFECT OF PESTICIDES ON THE TAXONOMIC AND TROPHIC STRUCTURESOF BEETLE COMMUNITIES (COLEOPTERA) IN RAPESEED FIELDS

Abstract

The article presents the species composition of beetles on crops of winter and spring rapeseed during the growing season from 2016 to 2018, and the effect of pesticides on the structure of the beetle community.

In the fields of winter rapeseed, 103 species of phytophagous from 8 families, 79 species of zoophagous from 6 families, and 47 species of saprophagous and mycetophagous from 13 families were found. In the fields of winter
rapeseed, the number of species and the number of phytophagous has always been higher than that of zoophagous.

In the fields of spring rapeseed, 50 species of phytophagous from 5 families, 48 species of zoophagous from 4 families, 20 species of saprophagous and mycetophagous from 7 families were found. The total number of collected specimens of zoophagous was higher by 10 % than that of phytophagous.

Among them, Carabidae are the main zoophagous, and Chrysomelidae – phytophagous. Polyphagous are represented only by Anthicidae: in the fields of winter rape — 3 species, in the fields of spring rape — 2 species.

The use of the pesticide Pilaround extra led to a decrease by 22—45 % in the number of beetles. The use of the insecticide and acaricide Mavrik resulted in 27 % reduction in beetle numbers. In addition, the use of pesticides in rapeseed fields has led to the reduction in the number of beetle species, especially among zoophagous, saprophagous and mycetophagous.

Fig. 3. Table. 1. Ref.: 4 titles.