THE MAIN STAGES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL POLICY

Abstract

The cultural policy as a separate sphere of social development originated in the Middle Ages and went through seven stages. In the early stages the Church heavily influenced on the sphere of popular culture. State care about education and culture increased with the consolidation of absolutism and formation of national states. Cultural institutions were transformed into promoters of national ideas and received state support. The development of capitalism intensified cultural needs of bourgeoisie. The public-state model of cultural policy formed.
The history of the twentieth century also provided examples of the use of culture for political purposes. During that period the term “cultural policy’’ came into use. In the postwar period the strategy for the development of cultural policy changed from “culture for all’’ to the concepts of multiculturalism and animation. The development processes of post-industrial society with the major attention to the scope of services and consumption assigne the following tasks to cultural policy: promotion of cultural industries, encouragement of private investments and further decentralization of management.

Ref.: 15 titles.